Evidence map on burnout syndrome in higher education teachers and its relationship with ergonomic and biopsychosocial factors: a scoping review.

Objectives. This study aimed to map the evidence on burnout syndrome in higher education teachers and its relationship with ergonomic and biopsychosocial factors. Methods. We performed a scoping review of articles published up to 2021, extracting the location, study design, sample characteristics and assessment methods, and investigated ergonomic and biopsychosocial factors. Results. Eighteen studies were found in 12 countries, and most used a cross-sectional design (n = 17/18, 94%). The Maslach burnout inventory was the most used assessment method (n = 9, 50%). There is a consensus that burnout syndrome in higher education teachers requires more attention, as it can be related to physical, mental and social factors. Conclusions. In the professional environment, physical ergonomic characteristics or those related to work organization deserve greater attention, as well as psychosocial factors, as they are strongly associated with burnout syndrome.

PREVALENCE OF BURNOUT SYNDROME IN HEALTH PROFESSIONALS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC / PREVALÊNCIA DA SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT EM PROFISSIONAIS DE SAÚDE DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19

Introduction: Burnout syndrome in the professional context is a condition caused by long-term stress in the workplace. In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic it has been observed that healthcare workers have experienced psychological health issues. Objective: This study aims to analyze different professional categories and sectors, identifying the main risk factors and coping mechanisms adopted by healthcare professionals associated with Burnout syndrome. Method: A literature search was conducted, and an electronic form was administered to healthcare professionals who provided direct medical care to COVID-19 diagnosed and hospitalized patients in the city of Curitiba, Brazil, from March 2020 to November 2021. The questionnaire included personal and professional information, as well as specific conditions experienced during the pandemic, coping strategies, and the application of the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) to assess the prevalence of Burnout syndrome. Results: The sample consisted of 89 healthcare professionals, and a prevalence of 48.31% for Burnout syndrome was identified. No statistically significant results were found when analyzing different professional categories and sectors. However, changing sectors during the pandemic was statistically significant (p=0.0245), as well as seeking emotional/psychiatric/psychological support (p=0.0004), and the importance of using mediation during the pandemic (p=0.0027). Conclusions: Changing sectors during the pandemic was identified as the only risk factor in this study. The main coping mechanisms adopted by healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic to address Burnout syndrome included seeking emotional, psychological, and psychiatric support, as well as an increased use of psychotropic medication.

Introdução: A síndrome de Burnout no ambiente profissional é uma condição causada por estresse de longo prazo no local de trabalho e que diante da pandemia causada pela COVID-19, foram evidenciados agravos à saúde psíquica do trabalhador da saúde. Objetivo: Analisar as diferentes categorias e setores de atuação profissional, elencando os principais fatores de risco e as principais formas de enfrentamento adotadas pelos profissionais de saúde associados à síndrome de Burnout. Método: Foi realizada busca bibliográfica e aplicação de formulário eletrônico, aos profissionais de saúde que prestaram assistência médica direta a pacientes internados e hospitalizados com COVID-19 no município de CuritibaPR entre o período de março de 2020 a novembro de 2021; contendo comandos com informações pessoais,profissionais e relacionados com as condições específicas vivenciadas durante a pandemia/ medidas de enfrentamento e aplicação do teste Maslach Burnout Inventory ­ Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) para análise da prevalência do Síndrome de Burnout. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 89 profissionais de saúde. Evidenciou-se uma prevalência de 48,31% de Síndrome de Burnout. Não foram encontrados resultados estatisticamente ao analisar diferentes categorias profissionais e setores de atuação. A mudança de setor durante a pandemia foi estatisticamente significativa (p=0,0245), assim como a busca por apoio emocional/psiquiátrico/psicológico (p=0,0004) e seguro acerca do uso de mediação durante a pandemia (p= 0,0027). Conclusões:A mudança de setor durante uma pandemia foi considerada o único fator de risco encontrado no estudo. As principais formas de enfrentamento ao Síndrome de Burnout adotadas pelos profissionais de saúde durante a pandemia de COVID-19 foram a busca por apoio emocional, psicológico, psiquiátrico e aumento do uso de medicação psicotrópica

The Age of Young Nurses Is a Predictor of Burnout Syndrome during the Care of Patients with COVID-19.

BACKGROUND: Burnout Syndrome (BS) is a work fatigue phenomenon that leads to physical exhaustion during care work, and there could be an increase in the proportion of nurses affected during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in those caring for infected patients. We aimed to determine BS in nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: An observational study was conducted on 100 nurses over the age of 18 and working in COVID-19 medical units in 2021. The 22-item Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire was used to estimate BS, and differences between age groups, gender, work time, and previous infection were estimated. RESULTS: The majority of nurses (mean 30 ± 5.5 years) were women (78%), and the most frequent working time was from 1 to 10 years (58%). A total of 88% of the nurses had moderate BS, affecting more males, aged between 20 and 30 years, and without previous infection. The youngest age group, 20-30 years, presented the highest mean BS with 53.8 (SD 4.18) points (95% CI: 52.79 to 54.8), showing differences with older nurses (p < 0.05). Prediction analysis showed that only age was a significant predictor for the development of SB (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: BS negatively impacts young nurses during the care of COVID-19 patients, so strategies should be promoted to ensure a better working environment. Improving the workspace can include self-care strategies, changes in the system and work organization, an improvement of interpersonal relationships, and risk prevention.

Síndrome de Burnout en médicos residentes de medicina interna

Introducción: el síndrome de Burnout se define como una respuesta al estrés laboral crónico, integrado por actitudes y sentimientos negativos hacia las personas con las que se trabaja y hacia el propio rol profesional. Se considera como la fase avanzada del estrés profesional. Objetivos: evaluar la prevalencia del síndrome de Burnout en médicos residentes del área de medicina interna en un hospital de tercer nivel. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal mediante una encuesta en línea a través de Google Forms™, a médicos residentes del área de medicina interna aplicando el test Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Resultados: de los 60 residentes, que incluyen a los de primer, segundo y tercer año, se obtuvo una participación de 71,6%. El 58,1% corresponde al sexo femenino y 41,9% al sexo masculino. El grupo etario con mayor participación (79,1%) tiene 26 a 30 años. Si se tiene en cuenta la presencia de 2 de 3 variables (cansancio emocional, despersonalización, falta de realización personal), la prevalencia de síndrome de Burnout fue 46,5% (20 de 43 encuestados). Conclusión: la prevalencia de síndrome de Burnout en base a 2 de sus 3 criterios fue 46,5%.

Introduction: Burnout syndrome is defined as a response to chronic work stress, made up of negative attitudes and feelings towards the people with whom one works and towards one's own professional role. It is considered as the advanced phase of professional stress. Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of Burnout syndrome in internal medicine residents in a tertiary level hospital. Materials and methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out by means of an online survey through Google Forms™ applied to resident physicians in the area of ​​internal medicine applying the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) test. Results: Of the 60 residents, which include first, second and third-year students, 71.6% participated, 58.1% correspond to women and 41.9% to men. The age group with the highest participation (79.1%) is between 26 and 30 years old. If the presence of 2 of 3 variables is taken into account (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, lack of personal fulfillment), the prevalence of Burnout syndrome was 46.5% (20 of 43 respondents). Conclusion: The prevalence of Burnout syndrome based on 2 of its 3 criteria was 46.5%.

Prevalência da síndrome de burnout em profissionais de saúde durante a pandemia de COVID-19 / Prevalence of burnout syndrome in health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic

Introdução: A síndrome de Burnout no âmbito profissional é uma condição causada por estresse de longo prazo no local de trabalho e que diante da pandemia causada pela COVID-19, foram evidenciados agravos à saúde psíquica de trabalhadores da saúde. Objetivo: Analisar as diferentes categorias e setores de atuação profissional, elencando os principais fatores de risco e as principais formas de enfrentamento adotadas pelos profissionais de saúde associados à síndrome de Burnout. Métodos: Foi realizada busca bibliográfica e aplicação de formulário eletrônico, aos profissionais de saúde que prestaram assistência médica direta a pacientes diagnosticados e hospitalizados com COVID-19 no município de Curitiba-PR entre o período de março de 2020 a novembro de 2021; contendo questionário com informações pessoais, profissionais e relacionadas com as condições específicas vivenciadas durante a pandemia/ medidas de enfrentamento e aplicação do questionário Maslach Burnout Inventory ­ Human Services Survey para análise da prevalência da Síndrome de Burnout. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 89 profissionais de saúde. Evidenciou-se uma prevalência de 48,31% de Síndrome de Burnout. Não foram encontrados resultados estatisticamente significantes ao analisar diferentes categorias profissionais e setores de atuação. A mudança de setor durante a pandemia foi fato estatisticamente significante (p=0,0245), assim como a busca por apoio emocional/psiquiátrico/psicológico (p=0,0004) e a relevância acerca do uso de mediação durante a pandemia (p=0,0027). Conclusões: A mudança de setor durante a pandemia foi considerada o único fator de risco encontrada no estudo. As principais formas de enfrentamento à Síndrome de Burnout adotadas pelos profissionais de saúde durante a pandemia de COVID-19 foram a procura por apoio emocional, psicológico, psiquiátrico e o aumento do uso de medicação psicotrópica

Introduction: Burnout syndrome in the professional context is a condition caused by long-term stress in the workplace. In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic it has been observed that healthcare workers have experienced psychological health issues. Objective: This study aims to analyze different professional categories and sectors, identifying the main risk factors and coping mechanisms adopted by healthcare professionals associated with Burnout syndrome. Methods: A literature search was conducted, and an electronic form was administered to healthcare professionals who provided direct medical care to COVID-19 diagnosed and hospitalized patients in the city of Curitiba, Brazil, from March 2020 to November 2021. The questionnaire included personal and professional information, as well as specific conditions experienced during the pandemic, coping strategies, and the application of the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey to assess the prevalence of Burnout syndrome. Results: The sample consisted of 89 healthcare professionals, and a prevalence of 48.31% for Burnout syndrome was identified. No statistically significant results were found when analyzing different professional categories and sectors. However, changing sectors during the pandemic was statistically significant (p=0.0245), as well as seeking emotional/ psychiatric/psychological support (p=0.0004), and the importance of using mediation during the pandemic (p=0.0027). Conclusions: Changing sectors during the pandemic was identified as the only risk factor in this study. The main coping mechanisms adopted by healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic to address Burnout syndrome included seeking emotional, psychological, and psychiatric support, as well as an increased use of psychotropic medication.

Prevalence of burnout syndrome during the COVID-19 pandemic and associated factors.

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic spread throughout the world from the beginning of 2020, increasing healthcare professionals' workloads and levels of physical and emotional stress. AIMS: To determine the prevalence of burnout syndrome in Spanish radiologists during the COVID-19 pandemic and the factors associated with the development of this syndrome, and to compare these findings with those obtained before the pandemic. METHODS: This observation study took place between April 2020 and August 2020 (during the pandemic) through an online survey. A total of 150 responses were obtained. Demographic and work-related information was compiled. Burnout syndrome was measured with the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). The prevalence and characteristics of burnout syndrome obtained in this survey were compared with those of the same survey done in 2019. We performed a statistical analysis to identify possible risk factors and protective factors associated with this syndrome and to determine the homogeneity of the two samples. RESULTS: The prevalence of burnout syndrome increased during the COVID-19 pandemic (49.3% vs. 33.6%, p = 0.002). No risk factors or protective factors that were valid both before and after the pandemic were identified. No correlations were identified between sociodemographic or work-related characteristics and burnout syndrome. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that burnout syndrome increased significantly in radiologists during the COVID-19 pandemic, affecting nearly half of all those who responded to the survey. These results underline the need to assess support for professional wellbeing of radiologists in Spain. No correlations were identified between burnout and gender, age, number of calls, years in the job, annual income, teaching, marital status, number of children, or type of contract.

Impacto del confinamiento en el estilo de vida: profesionales sanitarios y población general / Impact of lockdown on lifestyle: healthcare professionals and overall population

Objetivo: explorar los efectos del confinamiento por la pandemia COVID-19 en el estilo de vida de la población general y profesionales sanitarios (PS). Método: estudio descriptivo transversal. Se realizó muestreo no probabilístico por bola de nieve a través de WhatsApp. Se difundió un cuestionario realizado ad hoc previamente pilotado sobre variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y hábitos de vida durante el confinamiento. Para el análisis se utilizaron las pruebas paramétricas t de Student-Fisher, Chi cuadrado de Pearson y odds ratio (OR) con IC95%. Resultados: participaron 184 PS y 460 no sanitarios. La muestra tenía una media de 40,4 (DE: 12,8) años, principalmente eran mujeres (66,9%) con formación universitaria (65,8%). Más PS contaron con una prueba positiva para COVID-19, OR= 17,1 (9,1-32,1) o síntomas compatibles con COVID-19, OR= 2,1 (1,4-3,1). La repercusión psicológica del confinamiento fue superior en PS, OR= 1,5 (1,0-2,1). No se hallaron diferencias significativas en las actividades efectuadas durante la cuarentena exceptuando el teletrabajo (p< 0,001). El 68,0% de la población no sanitaria autorrefirió su grado de preocupación como “Muy preocupado” y “Fuertemente preocupado”, similar a los PS (65,8%) (p= 0,218). Los hábitos saludables se mantuvieron durante el confinamiento, a excepción del ejercicio físico que empeora en ambos grupos (66,3% de sanitarios y 66,4% de no sanitarios). El consumo de tabaco y/o alcohol aumentó entre un 20 y un 30% en ambos grupos. Conclusiones: se perciben cambios entre PS y no sanitarios en cuanto a la ocupación durante el confinamiento, el impacto psicológico o la tendencia al contagio. Es imprescindible introducir recursos para el cuidado de la salud mental, especialmente en PS.(AU)

Objective: to explore the effects of lockdown for the COVID-19 pandemic on the lifestyles of the overall population and healthcare professionals (HCPs). Method: a cross-sectional descriptive study. Non-probability snowball sampling was conducted through WhatsApp. After the pilot survey, an ad-hoc questionnaire was distributed on sociodemographic, clinical and lifestyle variables during lockdown. The parametric tests used for analysis were Student-Fisher’s t and Pearson’s Chi-squared test, and odds ratio with CI95%. Results: the study included 184 HCPs and 460 non-HCPs. The median age of the sample was 40.4 (SD: 12.8) years, they were mostly women (66.9%) with university education (65.8%). More HCPs had positive test results for COVID-19, OR= 17.1 (9.1-32.1) or symptoms compatible with COVID-19, OR= 2.1 (1.4-3.1). The psychological impact of lockdown was higher in HCPs, OR= 1.5 (1.0-2.1). There were no significant differences in the activities carried out during quarantine, except for telework (p< 0.001). The degree of concern self-reported by 68.0% of the non-HCP population was “Very concerned” and “Highly concerned”, similarly to HCPs (65.8%) (p= 0.218). Healthy lifestyles were maintained during lockdown, except for physical exercise which was worse in both groups (66.3% of HCPs and 66.4% of non-HCPs). Smoking and/or alcohol intake increased between 20 and 30% in both groups. Conclusions: changes were perceived among HCPs and non-HCPs regarding occupation during lockdown, psychological impact or tendency to get infected. It is essential to introduce resources for mental healthcare, particularly for HCPs.(AU)

[Prevalence of burnout syndrome during the COVID-19 pandemic and associated factors]. / Prevalencia y factores de desgaste profesional en radiólogos durante la pandemia COVID-19.

Background: The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic spread throughout the world from the beginning of 2020, increasing healthcare professionals' workloads and levels of physical and emotional stress. Aims: To determine the prevalence of burnout syndrome in Spanish radiologists during the COVID-19 pandemic and the factors associated with the development of this syndrome, and to compare these findings with those obtained before the pandemic. Methods: This observation study took place between April 2020 and August 2020 (during the pandemic) through an online survey. A total of 150 responses were obtained. Demographic and work-related information was compiled. Burnout syndrome was measured with the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). The prevalence and characteristics of burnout syndrome obtained in this survey were compared with those of the same survey done in 2019. We performed a statistical analysis to identify possible risk factors and protective factors associated with this syndrome and to determine the homogeneity of the two samples. Results: The prevalence of burnout syndrome increased during the COVID-19 pandemic (49.3% vs. 33.6%, p = 0.002). No risk factors or protective factors that were valid both before and after the pandemic were identified. No correlations were identified between sociodemographic or work-related characteristics and burnout syndrome. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that burnout syndrome increased significantly in radiologists during the COVID-19 pandemic, affecting nearly half of all those who responded to the survey. These results underline the need to assess support for professional wellbeing of radiologists in Spain. No correlations were identified between burnout and gender, age, number of calls, years in the job, annual income, teaching, marital status, number of children, or type of contract.

Avaliação da síndrome de burnout em profissionais de enfermagem em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal / Evaluación del síndrome de quemadura en profesionales de enfermería de la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales / Assessment of burnout syndrome in nursing professionals in a neonatal intensive care unit

Objetivo: Descrever a avaliação preliminar da Síndrome de Burnout nos profissionais de Enfermagem, atuantes em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal. Método: Estudo descritivo, transversal, quantitativo realizado com 60 profissionais de Enfermagem atuantes em uma maternidade-escola na cidade de Fortaleza-CE-Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu mediante a aplicação de um questionário com características sociodemográficas e do questionário preliminar de Burnout proposto por Jbeili. Resultados: Os resultados foram apresentados em tabela e figura, com análise estatística descritiva fundamentada na literatura. Evidenciou-se que 63,3% dos participantes encontravam-se na fase inicial da síndrome; 35,0% tiveram possibilidade de desenvolver e um deles sendo diagnosticado. Dentre as dimensões, 50,0% apresentaram baixa realização e motivação profissional. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o nível mais evidente da síndrome foi em sua fase inicial e a dimensão predominante foi a baixa realização profissional.(AU)

Objective: To describe the preliminary assessment of Burnout Syndrome in Nursing professionals working in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Method: Descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative study carried out with 60 nursing professionals working in a teaching maternity hospital in the city of Fortaleza-CE-Brazil. Data collection occurred through the application of a questionnaire with sociodemographic characteristics and the preliminary Burnout questionnaire proposed by Jbeili. Results: The results were presented in table and figure, with descriptive statistical analysis based on the literature. It was evident that 63.3% of the participants were in the initial phase of the syndrome; 35.0% were able to develop and one of them was diagnosed. Among the dimensions, 50.0% had low achievement and professional motivation. Conclusion: It is concluded that the most evident level of the syndrome was in its initial phase and the predominant dimension was low professional achievement.(AU)

Objetivo: Describir la evaluación preliminar del Síndrome de Burnout en profesionales de enfermería, que trabajan en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales. Método: Estudio descriptivo, transversal, cuantitativo realizado con 60 profesionales de enfermería que trabajan en una maternidad-escuela en la ciudad de Fortaleza-CE-Brasil. La recolección de datos se produjo en 2017, mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario con características sociodemográficas y el cuestionario preliminar Burnout propuesto por Jbeili. Resultados: Los resultados fueron presentados en tabla y figura, con análisis estadístico descriptivo basado en la literatura. Se evidenció que el 63,3% de los participantes se encontraban en la fase inicial del síndrome; el 35,0% fueron capaces de desarrollarse y uno de ellos fue diagnosticado. Entre las dimensiones, el 50,0% presentó bajo rendimiento y motivación profesional. Conclusión: Se concluyó que el nivel más evidente del síndrome se encontraba en su fase inicial y la dimensión predominante era el bajo rendimiento profesional(AU)

Prevalencia y factores de desgaste profesional en radiólogos durante la pandemia COVID-19 / Prevalence of burnout syndrome during the COVID-19 pandemic and associated factors

Antecedentes: La epidemia por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) se ha extendido por todo el mundo desde principios de 2020, sometiendo a los profesionales sanitarios a una sobrecarga laboral y a un mayor nivel de estrés físico y emocional. Objetivos: El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la prevalencia de desgaste profesional y sus posibles factores asociados en los radiólogos españoles durante la COVID-19, y su comparación con la situación previa a la pandemia. Métodos: Estudio observacional realizado entre los meses de abril y agosto de 2020 (durante la pandemia) mediante una encuesta en línea. Se obtuvieron un total de 150 respuestas. Se recopiló y comparó la información demográfica y laboral de los encuestados. Se determinó la presencia del desgaste profesional con el cuestionario Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) y se comparó su prevalencia y características con el estudio realizado de la misma manera en 2019. Se hizo un análisis estadístico para identificar los posibles factores de riesgo y protectores asociados con este síndrome, así como un análisis de homogeneidad entre las dos muestras. Resultados: La prevalencia del síndrome aumentó de forma significativa (p=0,002) durante la pandemia COVID-19 (49,3% frente a 33,6%). Ningún factor de riesgo o de protección se ha identificado como constante antes y después de la pandemia. No se ha identificado ninguna correlación del desgaste con las características sociodemográficas o laborales. Conclusión: Este estudio demuestra un aumento importante del desgaste profesional durante la pandemia por la COVID-19 con afectación de casi la mitad de los radiólogos encuestados. Estos resultados destacan la necesidad de valorar el apoyo orientado al bienestar profesional de los radiólogos en España. No se ha identificado correlación entre el síndrome y género, edad, número de guardias, antigüedad, ingreso anual, docencia, estado civil, número de hijos o tipo de contrato laboral.(AU)

Background: The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic spread throughout the world from the beginning of 2020, increasing healthcare professionals’ workloads and levels of physical and emotional stress. Aims: To determine the prevalence of burnout syndrome in Spanish radiologists during the COVID-19 pandemic and the factors associated with the development of this syndrome, and to compare these findings with those obtained before the pandemic. Methods: This observation study took place between April 2020 and August 2020 (during the pandemic) through an online survey. A total of 150 responses were obtained. Demographic and work-related information was compiled. Burnout syndrome was measured with the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). The prevalence and characteristics of burnout syndrome obtained in this survey were compared with those of the same survey done in 2019. We performed a statistical analysis to identify possible risk factors and protective factors associated with this syndrome and to determine the homogeneity of the two samples. Results: The prevalence of burnout syndrome increased during the COVID-19 pandemic (49.3% vs. 33.6%, p=0.002). No risk factors or protective factors that were valid both before and after the pandemic were identified. No correlations were identified between sociodemographic or work-related characteristics and burnout syndrome. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that burnout syndrome increased significantly in radiologists during the COVID-19 pandemic, affecting nearly half of all those who responded to the survey. These results underline the need to assess support for professional wellbeing of radiologists in Spain. No correlations were identified between burnout and gender, age, number of calls, years in the job, annual income, teaching, marital status, number of children, or type of contract.(AU)

Burnout e metodologia ativa de ensino-aprendizagem entre estudantes de Medicina de universidade em tríplice fronteira / Burnout and active teaching-learning methodology among medical students at a university in a triple border region

Resumo: Introdução: A metodologia de ensino-aprendizagem constitui importante fator na formação do estudante de Medicina e pode estar associada também à exposição de fatores estressantes crônicos que culminam em sofrimento mental como é observado na síndrome de burnout (SB). Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivos determinar a prevalência da SB e analisar suas dimensões e a relação com a metodologia ativa de ensino-aprendizagem entre estudantes de Medicina de uma universidade de tríplice fronteira. Método: Trata-se de estudo transversal realizado com 279 acadêmicos do curso de Medicina que responderam a questionários sociodemográfico, de hábitos de vida e de aspectos do processo ensino-aprendizagem, e ao Inventário de Burnout de Maslach (IBM). Verificou-se associação entre a SB e as variáveis sociodemográficas, os hábitos de vida e o processo ensino-aprendizagem, por meio do teste de qui-quadrado de Pearson, do teste exato de Fisher e do teste t de Student. Realizaram-se análise descritiva dos dados, análise bivariada e regressão logística multivariada. Resultado: A prevalência de burnout foi de 4,7%, com 26,2% de alta exaustão emocional, 37,6% de alta despersonalização e 20,4% de baixa realização profissional. Os estudantes de Medicina avaliados neste estudo possuem níveis baixos ou moderados de SB. A insatisfação com o aprendizado da metodologia ativa, a falta de compreensão do fundamento da metodologia ativa e a percepção de que a minoria/nenhum docente aplica a metodologia ativa adequadamente foram preditores importantes associados ao burnout. Conclusão: Esta investigação pode servir para que escolas médicas possam desenvolver estratégias institucionais para enfrentamento dessa realidade no sentido de reduzir o risco do desenvolvimento de SB entre os estudantes de Medicina.

Abstract: Introduction: The teaching-learning methodology is an important factor in the training of medical students and may also be associated with the exposure to chronic stressors that culminate in mental suffering, as observed in the Burnout Syndrome (BS). Objective: To determine the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome and analyze its dimensions and the relationship with the active teaching-learning methodology in medical students at university located in a triple-border region. Method: Cross-sectional study with 279 medical students who answered questionnaires on sociodemographic data, life habits, aspects of the teaching-learning process and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (IBM). There was an association between the BS and sociodemographic variables, life habits and the teaching-learning process, using Pearson's Chi-Square tests, Fisher's exact test and Student's T test. Descriptive data analysis, bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were performed. Result: The prevalence of Burnout was 4.7%, with 26.2% of high Emotional Exhaustion, 37.6% of high Depersonalization and 20.4% of low Professional Achievement. The medical students evaluated in this study have low or moderate levels of BS. Dissatisfaction with the active methodology learning, the lack of understanding of the foundation of the active methodology and the perception that the minority/none of the teachers apply the active methodology adequately were important predictors associated with Burnout. Conclusion: This investigation can help medical schools to develop institutional strategies to face this reality aiming to reduce the risk of the development of BS among medical students.

Psychological changes in nursing professionals belonging to the risk group for complications of covid-19 / Cambios psíquicos en profesionales de enfermería pertenecientes al grupo de riesgo para complicaciones del covid-19 / Alterações psíquicas em profissionais da enfermagem pertencentes ao grupo de risco para complicações da covid-19

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify psychological alterations in nursing professionals belonging to and not belonging to the risk group for complications of COVID-19. Methods: multicenter cross-sectional study with 845 nursing professionals from four hospitals in southern Brazil between August and October 2020. Data collection was performed through an electronic form containing the Self-Reporting Questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Results: among the 845 participants, 214 belonged to the risk group. These presented higher means in emotional exhaustion and depersonalization scores (p<0.05), and higher percentages of Minor Psychiatric Disorders (55.2%). Minor Psychiatric Disorders and being part of institution B explained in 10.0% the variability of Professional Achievement. Minor Psychiatric Disorders, use of medications, impact on mental health and being part of institutions A, B and C explained in 38.7% the variability of Emotional Exhaustion. Minor Psychiatric Disorders, impact on mental health and being part of institutions A and B explained in 23.1% the variability of Depersonalization. Conclusions: the risk group presented greater exposure to psychological alterations. The regression model did not identify a difference between being or not of the risk group regarding Burnout Syndrome. The study contributes to the planning of protective labor interventions within institutions and public health policies, aiming to reduce possible factors related to the involvement of Burnout Syndrome and Minor Psychiatric Disorders.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar los cambios psíquicos en profesionales de enfermería pertenecientes y no pertenecientes al grupo de riesgo de complicaciones por COVID-19. Métodos: estudio transversal multicéntrico, con 845 profesionales de enfermería de cuatro hospitales del sur de Brasil, entre agosto y octubre de 2020. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante un formulario electrónico que contenía el Self-Reporting Questionnaire y el Maslach Burnout Inventory. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Resultados: de los 845 participantes, 214 pertenecían al grupo de riesgo. Presentaron mayores puntuaciones medias en Agotamiento Emocional y Despersonalización (p<0,05), y mayores porcentajes de Trastornos Psíquicos Menores (55,2%). Los Trastornos Psíquicos Menores y el ser parte de la institución B explicaron en un 10,0% la variabilidad de la Realización Profesional. Los Trastornos Psíquicos Menores, el uso de medicamentos, el impacto en la salud mental y el ser parte de las instituciones A, B y C explicaron en un 38,7% la variabilidad del Agotamiento Emocional. Los Trastornos Psíquicos Menores, repercusión en la salud mental y ser parte de las instituciones A y B explicaron en un 23,1% la variabilidad de la Despersonalización. Conclusiones: el grupo de riesgo presentó mayor exposición a alteraciones psíquicas. El modelo de regresión no identificó diferencia entre estar o no en el grupo de riesgo con respecto al Síndrome de Burnout. El estudio contribuye para la planificación de intervenciones laborales protectoras en el ámbito de las instituciones y políticas públicas de salud, con el objetivo de reducir posibles factores relacionados con la participación del Síndrome de Burnout y Trastornos Psíquicos Menores.

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar as alterações psíquicas em profissionais da enfermagem pertencentes e não pertencentes ao grupo de risco para complicações da COVID-19. Métodos: estudo transversal multicêntrico, com 845 profissionais de enfermagem de quatro hospitais do Sul do Brasil, entre agosto e outubro de 2020. A coleta dos dados foi realizada por intermédio de um formulário eletrônico contendo os instrumentos Self-Reporting Questionnaire e o Maslach Burnout Inventory. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: dos 845 participantes, 214 pertenciam ao grupo de risco. Estes apresentaram maiores médias nos escores de Desgaste Emocional e Despersonalização (p<0,05), e maiores percentuais de Distúrbios Psíquicos Menores (55,2%). Distúrbios Psíquicos Menores e fazer parte da instituição B explicaram em 10,0% a variabilidade da Realização Profissional. Distúrbios Psíquicos Menores, uso de medicações, impacto na saúde mental e fazer parte das instituições A, B e C explicaram em 38,7% a variabilidade do Desgaste Emocional. Distúrbios Psíquicos Menores, impacto na saúde mental e fazer parte das instituições A e B explicaram em 23,1% a variabilidade da Despersonalização. Conclusões: o grupo de risco apresentou maior exposição a alterações psíquicas. O modelo de regressão não identificou diferença entre ser ou não do grupo de risco quanto à Síndrome de Burnout. O estudo contribui no planejamento de intervenções laborais protetivas no âmbito das instituições e das políticas públicas de saúde, visando diminuir possíveis fatores relacionados ao acometimento da Síndrome de Burnout e dos Distúrbios Psíquicos Menores.

La "moda del burnout' en el sector salud: una revisión sistemática de la literatura / The «fashion of burnout"in the health sector: a systematic review of the literature

Resumen El propósito de este revisión sistemática fue describir la situación actual del síndrome de burnout en Colombia en estudiantes y trabajadores de las ciencias de la salud. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos Medline, Scopus, Science Direct, Lilacs y repositorios de revistas como Scielo, Pubmed, Redylacs, BIRE-ME. Se llevó a cabo un filtro inicial mediante títulos y resúmenes de acuerdo con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Posteriormente, se evaluó la calidad metodológica y con los estudios incluidos se estimó la prevalencia global. Finalmente se seleccionaron tres estudios. La población total fue de 5874 estudiantes y profesionales de las ciencias de la salud, 96,1 % (n=5647) y 3,86 % (n=227), respectivamente. Esta revisión deja en evidencia que en Colombia, aunque se han realizado varios estudios relacionados con el síndrome de Burnout, aún se requieren más investigaciones con mayor rigurosidad metodológica que profundicen en las intervenciones una vez sea diagnosticado.

Abstract The aim of the present systematic review was to describe the current situation of the Burnout Syndrome in Colombia in students and workers of the health sciences. A search was made in the databases: Medline, Scopus, Science Direct, Lilacs and magazine repositories: Scielo, Pubmed, Redylacs, BIREME. An initial filter was carried out through titles and abstracts according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subsequently, the methodological quality was evaluated and with the included studies, the overall prevalence was estimated. Finally, three studies were selected, the total population was of 5874 students and professionals of the health sciences, 96.1% (n = 5647) and 3.86% (n = 227) respectively. This review shows that in Colombia, although several studies related to Burnout Syndrome have been carried out, there is still more research with greater methodological rigor that delves into complications once the syndrome is diagnosed.

[Professional exhaustion among caregivers in nursing homes raises the perception of residents' aggressiveness and poor quality of caregiver-resident relationship]. / L'épuisement professionnel chez les soignants en EHPAD : quels liens entre perception de l'agressivité des résidents et qualité de la relation soignants-résidents ?

This study is aimed to explore whether professional exhaustion among caregivers working in nursing homes causes an increased perception of resident aggressiveness and a lower satisfaction in the relationship between the caregiver and the resident. The data were collected from a sample of 52 nurses and caregivers working in retirement homes. We compared the perception of aggressiveness and relational satisfaction in 26 caregivers to 26 without a professional exhaustion condition, using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Yudofsky's Manifest Aggression Scale, and Wilguski's Caregiver Satisfaction Scale. The results show that caregivers with professional exhaustion have a much greater perception of resident aggressiessiveness. This perception of aggressiessiveness generates a relational dissatisfaction with the resident. Professional exhaustion is therefore associated with higher perception of aggressiveness and relational dissatisfaction.

Burnout syndrome in primary and secondary school teachers in southern Brazil.

INTRODUCTION: Burnout syndrome is a form of professional exhaustion to which teachers are particularly vulnerable. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between burnout syndrome and occupational factors in primary and secondary school teachers in Brazil. METHODS: A quantitative study of 200 teachers was conducted using a demographic and occupational questionnaire as well as the Maslach Burnout Inventory to investigate burnout syndrome. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed in the burnout scores of teachers with different lengths of service in their current schools, as well as those with different lengths of teaching experience. Burnout syndrome scores also varied significantly between teachers with different types of work contracts and weekly workloads. No associations were observed between burnout scores and type of work shift, perceived professional recognition or teaching level. CONCLUSIONS: The present study identified significant associations between indicators of burnout syndrome and occupational factors such as length of employment in a given institution, length of teaching experience, type of work contract, hours worked and working at multiple institutions. These results underscore the vulnerability of teachers to burnout syndrome. Our findings also highlight the need to plan and implement initiatives to prevent burnout and maximize quality of life at work, with a special focus on the mental health of teachers.

El síndrome de burnout en trabajadores de centros sociosanitarios / Burnout Syndrome in Sociosanitary Center workers

Objetivo: determinar el grado de burnout de los profesionales de los centros sociosanitarios de la provincia de Salamanca, así como explorar cuál es la influencia de factores sociodemográficos y laborales en este problema.Método: se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo transversal con una muestra escogida por conveniencia de trabajadores de centros sociosanitarios de la provincia de Salamanca (n= 461). Se administró el cuestionario Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y para la comparación entre variables se utilizó el test estadístico de Chi cuadrado con un nivel de significación elegido de p< 0,05.Resultados: se analizaron 368 cuestionarios; un 81% era mujer, un 64,4% auxiliar de Enfermería. La puntuación media en el MBI fue de 66,75 (DE: 12,14): un nivel medio-alto de burnout y casi el 16% padecía de burnout. Un 29,9% presentó nivel alto de cansancio emocional, un 64,4% nivel alto de despersonalización y un 26,6% un bajo nivel de realización personal. Se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el burnout global con el estado civil, la categoría profesional, la antigüedad en la profesión y tener alguna persona dependiente económicamente, aunque otras variables como la edad o la zona geográfica también estaban relacionadas con el cansancio emocional y la despersonalización, así como el sexo con la realización personal.Conclusiones: los profesionales presentaban un nivel medio-alto de burnout. Todas las variables sociodemográficas tenían asociación con alguna de las dimensiones del burnout. Se debe ofrecer formación a los profesionales para prevenir el burnout y mejorar la salud de los trabajadores y de sus pacientes.(AU)

Objective: to determine the burnout level of professionals from sociosanitary centers in the province of Salamanca, as well as to explore the influence of sociodemographic and occupational factors in this issue.Method: a cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted, including workers from sociosanitary centers of the province of Salamanca (n=461) selected through convenience sampling. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) questionnaire was applied. There was descriptive analysis, and the Chi Square statistical test was used for comparison between variables, with a significance level selected at p< 0.05.Results: in total, 368 questionnaires were analyzed; 81% of the participants were female, and 64.4% were Nursing Assistants. The mean MBI score was 66.75 (SD: 12.14): a medium-high burnout level, and almost 16% experienced burnout. A 29.9% presented a high level of emotional exhaustion, 64.4% presented a high level of depersonalization, and 26.6% a low level of personal fulfilment. There were statistically significant differences between overall burnout in terms of marital status, professional category, labor seniority, and having some person depending economically from them; although other variables such as age and geographical area were also associated with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, as well as gender with personal fulfillment.Conclusions: professionals presented a medium-high level of burnout. All sociodemographic variables were associated with some of the burnout dimensions. Professionals must be offered training in order to prevent burnout and improve the health of workers and their patients.(AU)

Burnout syndrome in intensive care unit nurses during the COVID 19 pandemic.

The aim of this study was to review the scientific literature on burnout syndrome among intensive care unit nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. This narrative review considered publications on the current pandemic, as well as studies on worker health and burnout, focusing on intensive care unit nurses. The literature was organized into two thematic categories: (1) emotional distress in the daily work of intensive care unit nurses; (2) preventing burnout in these professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the literature on burnout is expressive, there is a need to transmit data produced during the pandemic and follow these professionals longitudinally, which could lead to the development of specific prevention and health promotion strategies. Changes in the emotional and working conditions of these professionals must become a permanent part of worker health research and practice, rather than a temporary measure during the pandemic.

Occupational stress, burnout and patient safety culture among workers from critical care and non critical care units in a hospital in Brazil.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the relationship among occupational stress, burnout and the perception of patient safety culture in health workers in critical care compared to non critical care units. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study with health workers in the critical care and non critical care units of a university public hospital in Brazil. Data were collected using the Demographic and Labour Profile Questionnaire, Safety Attitudes Questionnaire, Job Stress Scale and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. An analysis of descriptive and inferential statistics was performed in PASW Statistics® software. RESULTS: A total of 393 health workers participated in the study, with 58.3% from critical care units and 41.7% from non critical care units. There was a prevalence of workers in high demand in non critical care units and 13.4% were experiencing burnout; there was a predominance of active work in the reviews and 8.3% were experiencing burnout. The patient safety culture perception was negative in both. The multivariate analysis pointed out that the variables such as high demand and burnout increased the prevalence of negatively assessing the safety culture. CONCLUSION: Workers from non critical care units were more affected by occupational stress and burnout and seemed to evaluate the safety culture more negatively, which can interfere in the quality of care provided.

Estresse gerencial: análise de conceito na perspectiva evolucionária de Rodgers / Managerial stress according to rodgers' evolutionary concept analysis / Estrés gerencial: análisis de concepto en la perspectiva evolutiva de Rodgers

Objetivo: analisar o conceito estresse gerencial na perspectiva evolucionária de Rodgers. Método: estudo descritivo de abordagem mista, cuja fonte da coleta de dados foi o Banco de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). A busca foi realizada em maio de 2017, através do descritor "Estresse Ocupacional". Foram incluídas produções brasileiras disponíveis na íntegra. Os dados quantitativos foram analisados a partir de estatística descritiva simples, e a variável qualitativa através da análise de similitude com suporte do IRAMUTEQ. Resultados: a amostra final contou com 12 estudos. Na análise conceitual foram encontrados os seguintes vocábulos: estresse ocupacional, indivíduo, ambiente, saúde e físico. Conclusão: conceituou-se estresse gerencial como um conjunto de fatores organizacionais e interpessoaisno local de trabalho, que causam o desgaste fisiológico e psicológico do trabalhador, o que afeta a saúde doindivíduo, assim como reflete diretamente na instituição

Objective: to analyze the concept of managerial stress in Rodgers' evolutionary perspective. Method: descriptive study of mixed approach, whose source of data collection was the Bank of Theses and Dissertations of the Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES). The search was carried out in May of 2017, through the descriptor "Occupational Stress". Brazilian productions available in full were included. The quantitative data were analyzed from simple descriptive statistics, and the qualitative variable through the similarity analysis with IRAMUTEQ support. Results: the final sample had 12 studies. In the conceptual analysis were found the following words: occupational stress, individual, environment, health and physical. Conclusion: management stress was defined as a set of organizational and interpersonal factors in the workplace, which cause the physiological and psychological erosion of the worker, which affects the health of the individual, as well as reflects directly in the institution

Objetivo: analizar el concepto de estrés gerencial en la perspectiva evolutiva de Rodgers. Método: estudio descriptivo de enfoque mixto, cuya fuente de recolección de datos fue el Banco de Tesis y Disertaciones de la Coordinación de Perfeccionamiento de Personal de Nivel Superior (CAPES). La investigación se realizó en mayo de 2017, a través del descriptor "estrés ocupacional". Las producciones brasileñas disponibles en su totalidad se incluyeron. Los datos cuantitativos se analizaron a partir de estadística descriptiva simples y la variable cualitativa a través del análisis de la similitud con soporte del IRAMUTEQ. Resultados: la muestra final contó con 12 estudios. En el análisis conceptual se encontraron los siguientes vocablos: estrés ocupacional, individuo, ambiente, salud y físico. Conclusión: estrés gerencial fue concebido como un conjunto de factores organizacional e interpersonales en el lugar de trabajo, que causan el desgaste fisiológico y psicológico del trabajador

Impact of stress on the quality of life of hospital nursing workers / Efecto del estrés sobre la calidad de vida de los trabajadores de enfermería hospitalaria / Impacto do estresse na qualidade de vida de trabalhadores de enfermagem hospitalar

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the association between socio-occupational characteristics, stress level, and quality of life in hospital Nursing workers. Method: a cross-sectional, quantitative study, with data collected by means of a socio-occupational questionnaire to survey the profile of the workers, the Bianchi Stress Scale to assess stress, and the WHOQOL-Bref to assess quality of life. Results: 180 Nursing workers participated in the research, being 49 nurses and 131 Nursing technicians and assistants, most of them women, predominantly aged up to 35 years old, married, and with up to three years of experience in the sector. In general, the participants presented medium stress level, with a higher level among the nurses, and greater satisfaction with the quality of life level related to the physical (65.6%), psychological (64.7%), and social relationships (67.9%) domains. This study identified significant associations between stress and quality of life in hospital Nursing workers. Conclusion: it was demonstrated that there was an association between stress and quality of life, and the greater the stress, the lower the quality of life in hospital Nursing workers.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la asociación entre las características sociolaborales, el nivel de estrés y la calidad de vida en trabajadores de Enfermería hospitalaria. Método: estudio transversal y cuantitativo, con datos recolectados por medio de un cuestionario sociolaboral para sondear el perfil de los trabajadores, de la Escala Bianchi de Estrés para evaluar el estrés y del instrumento WHOQOL-Bref para evaluar la calidad de vida. Resultados: los participantes de esta investigación fueron 180 trabajadores de Enfermería: 49 enfermeros(as) y 131 técnicos(as) y auxiliares de Enfermería, en su mayoría mujeres, con una edad máxima predominante de 35 años, casadas, con hasta tres años de desempeño en el sector. En general, los participantes presentaron un nivel medio de estrés, con un nivel más elevado entre los enfermeros, y mayor satisfacción con el nivel de calidad de vida relacionado con los siguientes dominios: físico (65,6%), psicológico (64,7%) y de relaciones sociales (67,9%). Este estudio identificó asociaciones significativas entre el estrés y la calidad de vida en trabajadores de Enfermería hospitalaria. Conclusión: se demostró que existe una asociación entre el estrés y la calidad de vida, y que, cuanto mayor es el estrés menor es la calidad de vida en trabajadores de Enfermería hospitalaria.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a associação entre as características sociolaborais, o nível de estresse e a qualidade de vida em trabalhadores de enfermagem hospitalar. Método: estudo transversal, quantitativo, com dados coletados por meio de questionário sociolaboral para levantamento do perfil dos trabalhadores, da Escala Bianchi de Stress para avaliação do estresse e do WHOQOL-Bref para avaliação da qualidade de vida. Resultados: participaram da pesquisa 180 trabalhadores de enfermagem, sendo 49 enfermeiros e 131 técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem, a maioria mulheres, com idade predominante de até 35 anos, casadas e com até três anos de atuação no setor. Em geral, os participantes apresentaram nível médio de estresse, com maior nível entre os enfermeiros, e maior satisfação com o nível de qualidade de vida relacionado aos domínios físico (65,6%), psicológico (64,7%) e de relações sociais (67,9%). Este estudo identificou associações significativas entre estresse e qualidade de vida em trabalhadores de enfermagem hospitalar. Conclusão: demonstrou-se associação entre estresse e qualidade de vida, e quanto maior o estresse menor a qualidade de vida em trabalhadores de enfermagem hospitalar.